60,560 research outputs found
Active Galactic Nuclei
This work represents the final year project for BSc Physics with Astrophysics
degree and it mainly focuses on empirical investigation of the photometry of
quasars in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) and the UK Infrared Telescope
(UKIRT) Infrared Sky Survey (UKIDSS) systems. The studies include 5730 quasars
matched from both surveys and examine UV/optical/near-IR properties of the
population. The sample covers the redshift and absolute magnitude ranges 0.01 <
z < 3 and -29.3 < M i < -13.8 and 17 per cent of the SDSS quasars have matching
success to the UKIDSS data. The combination of SDSS ugriz with the JHK near-IR
photometry from UKIDSS over large areas of the sky has enormous potential for
advancing our understanding of quasar population, keeping in mind that these
surveys have not reached their terminations.Comment: BSc Dissertation: 26 pages, 10 figure
Obscured Active Galactic Nuclei
The properties of the absorption in type 2, narrow line AGNs are reviewed by
focusing on the X-ray indicators. I discuss the properties of the cold
absorbing medium (the putative torus) and of the reprocessed components, as
well as their implications for the unified model. The relation between optical
classification and X-ray absorption is examined. The case of "fossil" AGNs,
whose type 2 classification is not due to absorption effects, is also
discussed. Although this review is mainly focused on nearby Seyfert 2 galaxies,
I also shortly discuss the effects of absorption at higher luminosities and
higher redshift and the implications for the X-ray background.Comment: 10 pages, Invited talk at the conference X-ray Astronomy '999:
Stellar Endpoints, AGNs and the Diffuse X-ray Backgroun
Unravelling Active Galactic Nuclei
A complete flat-spectrum radio-loud sample of AGN includes a significant
fraction of Seyfert-like AGN including a NLS1. Analysis of their optical
spectra suggests that the reddest continuum colours are either associated with
AGN in nearby resolved galaxies, or distant quasars showing relatively narrow
permitted emission lines.Comment: Poster contribution presented at the Joint MPE,AIP,ESO workshop on
NLS1s, Bad Honnef, Dec. 1999, to appear in New Astronomy Reviews; also
available at http://wave.xray.mpe.mpg.de/conferences/nls1-worksho
Fuelling Active Galactic Nuclei
We suggest that most nearby active galactic nuclei are fed by a series of
small--scale, randomly--oriented accretion events. Outside a certain radius
these events promote rapid star formation, while within it they fuel the
supermassive black hole. We show that the events have a characteristic time
evolution. This picture agrees with several observational facts. The expected
luminosity function is broadly in agreement with that observed for
moderate--mass black holes. The spin of the black hole is low, and aligns with
the inner disc in each individual feeding event. This implies radio jets
aligned with the axis of the obscuring torus, and uncorrelated with the
large--scale structure of the host galaxy. The ring of young stars observed
about the Galactic Centre are close to where our picture predicts that star
formation should occur.Comment: MNRAS, in pres
Elusive Active Galactic Nuclei
A fraction of active galactic nuclei do not show the classical Seyfert-type
signatures in their optical spectra, i.e. they are optically "elusive". X-ray
observations are an optimal tool to identify this class of objects. We combine
new Chandra observations with archival X-ray data in order to obtain a first
estimate of the fraction of elusive AGN in local galaxies and to constrain
their nature. Our results suggest that elusive AGN have a local density
comparable to or even higher than optically classified Seyfert nuclei. Most
elusive AGN are heavily absorbed in the X-rays, with gas column densities
exceeding 10^24 cm^-2, suggesting that their peculiar nature is associated with
obscuration. It is likely that in elusive AGN, the nuclear UV source is
completely embedded and the ionizing photons cannot escape, which prevents the
formation of a classical Narrow Line Region. Elusive AGN may contribute
significantly to the 30 keV bump of the X-ray background.Comment: accepted for publication in MNRAS Letters, 6 pages, 3 figures, typos
and references correcte
The Correlation between X-ray spectral slope and FeKalpha line energy in radio-quiet active galactic nuclei
A significant correlation between FeKalpha line energy and X-ray spectral
slope has been discovered among radio-quiet active galactic nuclei. The
ionization stage of the bulk of the FeKalpha emitting material is not the same
in all active galactic nuclei and is related to the shape of the X-ray
continua. Active galactic nuclei with a steep X-ray spectrum tend to have a
fluorescence FeKalpha line from highly ionized material. In the narrow-line
Seyfert 1 galaxies with steeper X-ray spectrum (Gamma_X > 2.1), the FeKalpha
line originates from highly ionized material. In the Seyfert 1 galaxies and
quasars with flatter X-ray spectrum (Gamma_X < 2.1), bulk of the FeKalpha
emission arises from near neutral or weakly ionized material. The correlation
is an important observational characteristic related to the accretion process
in radio quiet active galactic nuclei and is driven by a fundamental physical
parameter which is likely to be the accretion rate relative to the Eddington
rate.Comment: 4 pages, To apear in ApJ Letter
Active Galactic Nuclei and Transformation of Dark Matter into Visible Matter
The hypothesis that dark matter is converted into visible particles in active
galactic nuclei is investigated. If dark matter consists of stable superheavy
neutral particles and active galactic nuclei are rotating black holes, then,
due to the Penrose process, superheavy particles can decay into unstable
particles with larger mass, whose decay into quarks and leptons leads to events
in cosmic rays observed by the Auger group. Similar processes of decay of
superheavy particles of dark matter into visible matter occurred in the early
Universe. Numerical estimates of the processes in active galactic nuclei and in
the early Universe are given.Comment: 5 pages, LaTeX; v2: one reference added, published versio
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